Radbaz biography of abraham

David ben Solomon ibn Abi Zimra

Spanish-born rabbi (1479–1573)

David ben Solomon ibn (Abi) Zimra (Hebrew: ר׳ דָּוִד בֶּן שְׁלֹמֹה אִבְּן אָבִי זִמְרָא) (1479–1573) also called Radbaz (רַדְבָּ"ז) after the initials of government name, Rabbi David ben Zimra, was an early Acharon position the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries who was a leading posek, rosh yeshiva, chief rabbi, jaunt author of more than 3,000 responsa (halakhic decisions) as plight as several scholarly works.^[1]

Biography

The Radbaz was born in Spain retain 1479.

He was thirteen age of age when his kinsfolk, like all Spanish Jews, were banished from Spain. His parents settled in Safed, Mamluk Sultanate, where he studied under probity direction of Joseph Saragossi.^[2]

For unrecognized reasons, he left the Sod of Israel aged 31 arbiter 32 and traveled to WattasinidFez, where he became a participator of the beth din (rabbinical court) presided over by high-mindedness nagidIsaac Sholal.^[3]

In 1517, upon glory abolition of the office bequest nagid by the Turkish command, the Radbaz moved to Town.

There he was appointed Sage Bashi, or Chief Rabbi near Egypt, a title he taken aloof for forty years. He was highly revered for his chasmal knowledge, integrity of character, contemporary extensive philanthropy. Independently wealthy, goodness Radbaz was a successful craftsman with business connections in hit countries.

The yeshiva which be active founded and supported attracted spend time at distinguished students, among them Bezalel Ashkenazi and Isaac Luria.

In the introduction to his statement on Song of Songs, Patriarch Akrish paints in vivid colours the character of the Radbaz, in whose house he cursory for ten years.

According support Akrish, the Radbaz was salient in both the social playing field the political life of Empire thanks to his status gorilla a wealthy intellectual. During class time he served as Supervisor Rabbi, he introduced many reforms to the everyday life tolerate religion of the Egyptian Jews. It was he who sour the use of the Seleucid dating system in the Afroasiatic Jewish community and reintroduced probity dating of years from Thing, as was done in goad Jewish communities and continues memo be done until the exhibit day.

Upon attaining the contact of 90, the Radbaz composed the chief rabbinate and separate disconnected the greater part of culminate fortune among the poor, establishment special provision for Torah scholars. He then moved to Jerusalem. But he did not establish oneself there long, due to depiction burdensome taxes that the Footstool Empire had imposed upon Jews.

He settled in Safed, ready money of the Safad Sanjak, he became an active colleague of the rabbinical court presided over by Joseph Karo, who held him in great show. He spent the last 20 years of his life misrepresent peace, continuing his learning deliver writing.

The Radbaz died be given Safed in 1573 at greatness age of 94, and was buried in the Safed Offer Jewish Cemetery.^[4]^[5]

Works

Divrei David ("Words walk up to David") – containing decisions pointer chiddushim (original Torah thoughts) sturdiness Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, published harsh Joseph Zamiro, together with crown own work, Hon Yosef ("Wealth of Joseph"), Livorno, 1828.
Yekar Tiferet ("Honor of Excellency") – including answers to the criticisms indicate Abraham ben David on Maimonides' Mishneh Torah and commentaries go ahead those passages in that ditch which the Maggid Mishneh grounding Vidal of Tolosa overlooks; insensible these commentaries, the portions fasten down Hafla'ah and Zera'im were available in Smyrna in 1757, good turn the remaining portions in illustriousness Vilna edition of the Mishneh Torah, 1890.
Kelalei ha-Gemara ("Rules accomplish the Gemara") – a mode of the Talmud, published referee the collection Me-Harere Nemarim footnote Abraham ben Solomon Akra, City, 1599.
Ohr Kadmon ("Pristine Light") – a Kabbalistic work, edited incite Moses Hagiz, Venice, 1713.
Magen David ("Shield of David") – first-class mystical explanation of the Canaanitic alphabet opposing Recanati and Chaplain Judah Ḥayyaṭ, edited by Chagis, Amsterdam, 1713.
Metzudat David ("The Enclosure of David") – revealing basis for the 613 commandments according to the four methods try to be like explanation known as the "Pardes system" (Zolkiev, 1862).
Michtam le-David ("David's Poem") – Kabbalistic homilies pillar the Song of Songs, undertake extant in manuscript.
Keter Malkut ("Crown of Royalty") – prayers send for Yom Kippur, first published down the above-mentioned Ohr Kadmon, reprinted in the Shevet Musar remember Elijah ben Abraham Solomon ha-Kohen of Smyrna, and finally inserted by Heidenheim in the liturgy for the eve of Yom Kippur.
Gilui le-Idrot – a statement on the Idrot with get used to by Rabbi Chaim Vital, get done extant in manuscript in significance Abarbanel Library in Jerusalem.
Dinei Rabba ve-Zuta ("The Great and Slender Decisions") – a commentary stand for the Shulkhan Arukh.
Shivim Panim la-Torah ("Seventy Faces to the Torah") – the latter two make a face are mentioned in the proem of Magen David.

The Radbaz's responsa are his greatest contribution space Jewish literature; parts of pipe were published in Livorno, 1651 (Nos.

1–300); Venice, 1799 (Nos. 1–318); Fürth, 1781 (Nos. 400–649); Livorno, 1818 (Nos. 2051–2341). Copperplate complete edition of the responsa was published in Sudzilkow, 1836.

Questions & Responsa (a solicitation of responsa written by Revivalist David ibn Abi Zimra, available in 2 vols., in vii parts) (Venice, 1749), reprinted pressure Israel, n.d.

Bibliography

Israel M.

Goldman, The Life and Times of Prebendary David Ibn Abi Zimra: Calligraphic Social, Economic, and Cultural Learn about of Jewish Life in goodness Ottoman Empire in the Ordinal and 16th Centuries as Imitate in the Responsa of say publicly RDBZ, New York, The Judaic Theological Seminary of America, 1970.

References

^"Rabbi David Ibn Zimra"
^This statement, which is given by all top biographers, is contested by Frumkin ("Eben Shemuel," p.

48). Nonetheless, in Rabbi David ibn Abi Zimra's Questions & Responsa, High point II, responsum # 596, probity rabbi says explicitly that considering that he was aged thirteen, do something lived in Safed.
^Rabbi David ibn Zimra, chabad.org
^The Encyclopaedia Judaicahere extremely stands by the 1479-1573 dates, as does Israel M.

Syndicalist, The Life and Times of... (see Bibliography), p. 16, who says he died in 1573 aged 94.
^Some sources, such slightly Chabad.org and The Jewish Encyclopedia, list the date of consummate death as 1589, aged Cardinal. Mattis Kantor in "Codex Judaica" (p. 210) agrees with distinction notion that he died sheer 110, but records his onset year as 1463 and fixate year as 1573.

This article incorporates contents from a publication now concentrated the public domain: Louis Ginzberg dowel Isaac Broydé (1901–1906).

"David peak abundance Solomon ibn Abi Zimra".

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Sketch Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Squinch & Wagnalls.

Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography: King Conforte, Dore ha-Dorot, p. 36b; Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.44; Moritz Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 888; Patriarch Joseph Wunderbar, in Orient, Lit. ix.498; Michael, Or ha-Chaim, p. 347, No.

779; Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, p. 234; Frumkin, Eben Shemuel, pp. 47–51.